This glossary explains the ingredients listed on our vitamin and supplement labels: what each one is and which of our products contains it. It is general information to help you read a label, not health advice. The exact amount of each ingredient is shown on the product page and on the pack.
How to use this glossary
- Always read the label and follow the directions for use. Do not exceed the recommended daily dose.
- Vitamin and mineral supplements should not replace a balanced diet.
- If you are pregnant or breastfeeding, take prescription medicines or have a medical condition, check with your doctor or pharmacist before starting a supplement.
- If you take more than one supplement, add up the amounts of shared ingredients such as zinc, vitamin C or vitamin E.
Vitamins
Beta-carotene
A plant pigment that the body can convert into vitamin A. Found in Eye Focus Enhance.
Biotin (vitamin B7)
A water-soluble B vitamin. Biotin supplements can affect some blood test results, so tell your doctor you take it before a blood test. Found in Hair Skin Nails Growth.
Folic acid (vitamin B9)
The manufactured form of folate, a water-soluble B vitamin. Found in Hair Skin Nails Growth.
Vitamin B12
A water-soluble B vitamin found naturally in animal foods. Found in Deer Placenta with NMN.
Vitamin C
A water-soluble vitamin and antioxidant. Found in Skin Whitening, Hair Skin Nails Growth and Eye Focus Enhance.
Vitamin D (colecalciferol)
A fat-soluble vitamin, listed on labels as colecalciferol (vitamin D3). The body also makes vitamin D when skin is exposed to sunlight. Found in Calcium Plus.
Vitamin E
A fat-soluble vitamin and antioxidant. Found in Skin Whitening, Sheep Placenta, Hair Skin Nails Growth and Eye Focus Enhance.
Minerals
Calcium citrate
A form of calcium. Labels show both the weight of calcium citrate and the amount of elemental calcium it provides, and the second figure is the one to compare. Calcium can affect how some medicines are absorbed, so ask your pharmacist about timing. Found in Calcium Plus.
Iron (bisglycinate chelate)
A form of iron bound to the amino acid glycine. Keep iron-containing supplements out of reach of children. Found in Hair Skin Nails Growth.
Selenium (selenomethionine)
A trace mineral, listed here in the form selenomethionine. Found in Eye Focus Enhance.
Zinc
A trace mineral. Labels may name the form, such as zinc gluconate or zinc sulfate. Found in Deer Placenta with NMN, Hair Skin Nails Growth, Bio Skin Renew and Eye Focus Enhance.
Marine oils and omega-3
Astaxanthin
A red-orange carotenoid pigment found in krill and some algae. It gives krill oil its colour. Found in Red Krill Oil and Bio Skin Renew.
EPA and DHA
Eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, the two main omega-3 fatty acids in fish and krill oil. When comparing products, look at the amounts of EPA and DHA rather than the total oil weight. Found in Omega 3 Plus and Red Krill Oil.
Fish oil
Oil from fish, a source of EPA and DHA. If you take blood-thinning medicine, check with your doctor before taking fish or krill oil. Found in Omega 3 Plus and Bio Skin Renew.
Krill oil, phospholipids and choline
Krill oil comes from Antarctic krill, a small crustacean. Much of its omega-3 is carried in phospholipids, a type of fat that also supplies choline. Not suitable for people with a shellfish allergy. Found in Red Krill Oil.
Collagen, placenta and related ingredients
Collagen and marine collagen
A protein. Supplements usually contain hydrolysed collagen (collagen peptides), broken into smaller pieces; marine collagen comes from fish. Found in Skin Whitening, Sheep Placenta and Hair Skin Nails Growth.
Deer placenta extract
A dried extract of deer placenta. Labels often state the amount as “equivalent fresh” weight, which is the weight of fresh placenta used to make the extract, not the weight in the capsule. Found in Deer Placenta with NMN.
Hyaluronic acid
A substance found naturally in the body that holds water. In a capsule it is taken by mouth, which is different from a hyaluronic acid serum used on the skin. Found in Skin Whitening.
L-Glutathione
A small molecule made of three amino acids that the body also produces itself. Found in Skin Whitening.
NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide)
A compound related to vitamin B3 (niacin). Found in Deer Placenta with NMN.
Pearl powder
Finely ground pearl, made mostly of calcium carbonate. Found in Skin Whitening.
Sheep placenta extract
A dried extract of sheep (ovine) placenta, also stated as “equivalent fresh” weight. Found in Sheep Placenta.
Joint ingredients
Chondroitin sulfate
A substance found naturally in cartilage, often paired with glucosamine. Found in Bone & Joint Support.
Glucosamine sulfate
An amino sugar found naturally in cartilage. Supplement glucosamine is often made from shellfish, so check the label if you have a shellfish allergy. Found in Bone & Joint Support.
MSM (methylsulfonylmethane)
A sulfur-containing compound. Found in Bone & Joint Support.
Plant extracts
Ashwagandha
An extract of Withania somnifera, a herb used in traditional Ayurvedic medicine. Found in Hair Skin Nails Growth.
Bilberry extract
An extract of the bilberry fruit (Vaccinium myrtillus), a relative of the blueberry. Found in Eye Focus Enhance.
Grape seed extract and grapeseed oil
Grape seed extract is a concentrate of compounds from grape seeds; grapeseed oil is the oil pressed from them. Found in Skin Whitening (extract) and Bio Skin Renew (oil).
Lutein
A yellow carotenoid pigment found in leafy green vegetables and egg yolk. FloraGLO is a brand name for one source of lutein. Found in Eye Focus Enhance.
Milk thistle (Silybum marianum)
An extract of the milk thistle plant. Its main group of compounds is called silymarin. Found in Liver Health.
Pumpkin seed oil
Oil pressed from pumpkin seeds. Found in Hair Skin Nails Growth.
Saw palmetto
An extract of the fruit of the saw palmetto palm (Serenoa repens). Found in Hair Skin Nails Growth.
Turmeric extract
A concentrated extract of turmeric root. “4:1” means four parts of dried root were used to make one part of extract. Found in Bone & Joint Support.
Other ingredients
Inositol
A sugar-like compound that the body also makes, found in foods such as fruit, beans and grains. Found in Liver Health.
Taurine
An amino acid found in meat, fish and dairy foods. Found in Liver Health.
